A Promise Unkept: Despite an increased legal protection of indigenous people's human rights, national and regional policies can often be contradictory or not fully implemented, and indigenous people still fall victim to industrial projects. The growing demand for non-renewable resources suggests that such activities are likely to impinge even more on the lands of indigenous communities living in countries with important resource reserves. How should Europe protect the rights and heritage of indigenous and tribal peoples, whilst still allowing industrial and economic growth?